Chronic constipation is a common digestive disorder that affects millions of people worldwide.

It is characterised by infrequent bowel movements, difficulty passing stool, and a feeling of incomplete evacuation. While occasional constipation is normal, chronic constipation can lead to a host of health problems, including haemorrhoids, anal fissures, and even colorectal cancer. As a nutritional therapist, I’ve seen firsthand the impact that chronic constipation can have on overall health. In this article, I’ll explore the various causes and treatment options for chronic constipation and offer insights into how you can address this issue naturally. So, let’s get started.

What is Chronic Constipation?

The four main types of chronic constipation are slow transit constipation, pelvic floor dysfunction, normal transit constipation, and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C).

Slow transit constipation is when the colon moves too slowly, resulting in infrequent bowel movements. Pelvic floor dysfunction occurs when the muscles in the pelvic floor fail to relax properly during bowel movements. Normal transit constipation is when the colon moves normally, but the stool is hard and difficult to pass. IBS-C is a type of IBS characterised by chronic constipation and abdominal pain or discomfort.

Idiopathic constipation refers to chronic constipation with no known underlying cause. Chronic functional constipation, on the other hand, is diagnosed when no underlying cause can be identified, but the condition is believed to be related to issues with gut motility and/or sensitivity.

Understanding the type of chronic constipation a person is experiencing can help in determining the most effective treatment plan.

Causes of Chronic Constipation

Chronic constipation can have various underlying causes, and it’s important to identify and address the root cause to effectively manage the condition.

Some of the common causes of chronic constipation include:

• Poor diet: A diet that’s low in fibre and fluids can lead to constipation. Processed foods, fast food, and a diet high in fats can also contribute to chronic constipation.
• Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity can slow down the digestive system and lead to constipation.
• Medications: Certain medications like painkillers, antidepressants, and blood pressure medications can cause constipation as a side effect.
• Medical conditions: Chronic constipation can be a symptom of underlying medical conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), hypothyroidism, diabetes, and neurological disorders.
• Psychological factors: Stress, anxiety, and depression can affect gut motility and lead to constipation.
• Hormonal changes: Women may experience constipation during pregnancy and menopause due to hormonal changes.

It’s essential to identify the underlying cause of chronic constipation to develop an effective treatment plan. In some cases, treating an underlying medical condition or making dietary and lifestyle changes can help manage chronic constipation.

Risks and Complications of Chronic Constipation

Chronic constipation can lead to various risks and complications, both physically and emotionally.

In this section, we will explore some of the potential risks and complications associated with chronic constipation.

Physical Risks and Complications

• Haemorrhoids – Straining during bowel movements, a common occurrence in chronic constipation, can cause the blood vessels in the anus to swell and become painful.
• Anal fissures – Chronic constipation can cause tears in the skin around the anus, leading to anal fissures. This condition can be painful and may cause bleeding during bowel movements.
• Diverticulitis – When chronic constipation goes untreated, it can lead to the development of diverticulitis, which is the inflammation or infection of the pouches that form in the lining of the intestine.

Link to Overall Health

Chronic constipation is not only a physical issue but can also have an impact on overall health. Some potential links between chronic constipation and other health conditions include:

• Cardiovascular disease – Chronic constipation has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.
• Depression and anxiety – Chronic constipation can be a source of emotional distress, leading to feelings of anxiety and depression.
• Haemorrhoids, anal fissures, and diverticulitis – These physical complications can also have a significant impact on a person’s emotional well-being, leading to stress and anxiety.

It is essential to recognize the potential risks and complications of chronic constipation and to seek appropriate medical care to prevent or treat them.

Treatment Options for Chronic Constipation

Chronic constipation can be an uncomfortable and sometimes painful condition that affects a person’s quality of life.

The good news is that there are several treatment options available to help alleviate symptoms and improve bowel function. In this section, we will discuss the different treatment options for chronic constipation.

Diet and Lifestyle Changes

One of the primary causes of chronic constipation is an unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle. Making changes in these areas can help relieve symptoms and prevent the condition from worsening. Some dietary and lifestyle changes that can help treat chronic constipation include:

• Eating a high-fibre diet: This can include foods such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Fibre adds bulk to stool and helps it move through the digestive system more easily.
• Drinking plenty of water: Staying hydrated is essential for proper bowel function. Drinking plenty of water can help soften stool and make it easier to pass.
• Exercising regularly: Physical activity can help stimulate bowel movements and improve overall bowel function.

Establishing a regular bowel routine: Going to the bathroom at the same time each day can help train the body to have regular bowel movements.

Home Remedies

There are several natural remedies that can help alleviate symptoms of chronic constipation. Some of these include:

• Probiotics: Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that help regulate gut health. They can be found in certain foods or taken as supplements.
• Magnesium: Magnesium is a natural laxative that can help soften stool and promote bowel movements.
• Castor oil: Castor oil is a natural laxative that can help relieve constipation.
• Herbal teas: Certain herbal teas, such as senna, dandelion, and ginger, can help promote bowel movements.

It’s essential to speak with a healthcare professional before trying any home remedies to ensure they are safe and effective.

Medical Interventions

In some cases, chronic constipation may require medical intervention. Some medical treatments for chronic constipation include:

• Laxatives: There are several types of laxatives that can help relieve constipation. These include osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and stimulant laxatives.
• Medications: There are several medications available that can help regulate bowel function, such as lubiprostone and linaclotide.
• Biofeedback therapy: Biofeedback therapy can help retrain the muscles used during bowel movements and improve bowel function.
• Surgery: In severe cases of chronic constipation, surgery may be necessary to remove a blockage or repair damaged tissue.

It’s important to work with a healthcare professional to determine which treatment option is best for your individual needs.

In conclusion, chronic constipation can be a challenging condition to manage, but there are several treatment options available. It’s essential to identify the root cause of the condition and work with a qualified healthcare professional to develop an individualised treatment plan. With the right treatment, most people with chronic constipation can experience relief from symptoms and improve their overall bowel function.

Natural Remedies for Chronic Constipation

There are also a variety of natural remedies that can help alleviate symptoms and promote regular bowel movements.

In this section, we’ll discuss some of the most effective natural remedies for chronic constipation.

• Increase Fibre Intake: A lack of fibre is a common cause of constipation, and increasing fibre intake can be an effective natural remedy. Good sources of fibre include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and nuts.
• Probiotics: Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that help promote digestive health. Taking a daily probiotic supplement or consuming probiotic-rich foods such as yoghourt, kefir, and sauerkraut can help improve gut flora and reduce constipation.
• Herbal Remedies: Certain herbs have natural laxative properties that can help alleviate chronic constipation. Examples include senna, cascara sagrada, and aloe vera. It’s important to note that while these herbs can be effective, they should be used with caution and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.
• Hydration: Dehydration can exacerbate constipation, so drinking plenty of water and other hydrating fluids can help promote regular bowel movements.
• Exercise: Regular exercise can help improve digestion and promote regular bowel movements. Even a short walk or gentle stretching can be helpful.

It’s important to note that natural remedies may not be effective for everyone, and it’s important to work with a qualified healthcare professional to develop an individualised treatment plan. Additionally, if chronic constipation is accompanied by other symptoms such as abdominal pain or blood in the stool, medical attention should be sought immediately.

Home Remedies for Chronic Constipation

There are several effective home remedies that can help relieve symptoms and promote regular bowel movements.

• Exercise: Regular physical activity can help promote bowel regularity by stimulating the digestive system. Aim to get at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise, such as walking or jogging, most days of the week.
• Hydration: Dehydration can make constipation worse, so it’s important to drink plenty of water throughout the day. Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water per day.
• Relaxation techniques: Stress and anxiety can contribute to constipation, so practising relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can help alleviate symptoms.
• Herbal teas: Some herbal teas, such as peppermint and ginger tea, can help stimulate digestion and relieve constipation.
• Probiotics: Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that help promote healthy digestion and regular bowel movements. Eating probiotic-rich foods like yoghurt or taking a daily probiotic supplement may help alleviate chronic constipation.
• Magnesium: Magnesium is a mineral that helps promote regular bowel movements by relaxing the muscles in the digestive tract. Eating magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens, nuts, and whole grains or taking a magnesium supplement may help alleviate constipation.

While these home remedies can be effective in promoting regular bowel movements and relieving symptoms of chronic constipation, it’s important to work with a healthcare professional to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. In some cases, medical interventions may be necessary to fully address the underlying causes of chronic constipation.

When to Seek Medical Attention

There are some instances where chronic constipation may be a sign of a more serious condition that requires medical attention.

If you are experiencing any of the following, it is important to seek medical attention:

• Blood in the stool
• Severe abdominal pain or cramping
• Persistent nausea or vomiting
• Unexplained weight loss
• Difficulty swallowing
• Changes in bowel habits that last more than a few weeks

Additionally, if you have a history of colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or other gastrointestinal conditions, it is important to consult with your doctor if you experience chronic constipation.

Early intervention is crucial for preventing complications associated with chronic constipation, such as haemorrhoids, anal fissures, and diverticulitis. Your doctor can help identify the underlying cause of your constipation and provide a treatment plan to alleviate your symptoms and improve your overall health.

Conclusion

Chronic constipation can have a significant impact on overall health and quality of life.

It is essential to understand the underlying causes of chronic constipation and identify the most appropriate treatment options. Home and natural remedies may be effective in managing chronic constipation, but it’s important to work with a qualified healthcare professional to develop an individualised treatment plan. Moreover, medical intervention may be necessary in severe cases of chronic constipation to prevent further complications.

If you’re experiencing ongoing issues with chronic constipation, it’s crucial to seek professional help. Don’t wait until the condition worsens and causes further health problems. Understanding the link between chronic constipation and overall health is essential to maintain a healthy body and prevent future complications. Remember, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and good lifestyle habits can help prevent chronic constipation and improve overall health.